"Sensor Fault Detection and Identification in a Mobile Robot"
Abstract:
Multiple model adaptive estimation (MMAE) is used to detect and identify sensor failures in a mobile robot. Each estimator is a Kalman filter with a specific em bedded failure model. The filter bank also contains one filter which has the nominal model embedded within it. The filter residuals are postprocessed to produce a probabilistic interpretation of the operation of the sys tem. The output of the system at any given time is the confidence in the correctness of the various embedded models. As an additional feature the standard assump tion that the measurements are available at a constant, common frequency, is relaxed. Measurements are as sumed to be asynchronous and of varying frequency. The particularly difficult case of 'soft' sensor failure is also handled successfully. A system architecture is presented for the general problem of failure detection and identification in mobile robots. As an example, the MMAE algorithm is demonstrated on a Pioneer I robot in the case of three different sensor failures.